Proactive policing techniques can contribute to public safety: A report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine concluded that, when focused on hot spots with consistently elevated rates of crime, certain proactive strategies can reduce the incidence of crime in the short term. (There hasn’t been enough research to gauge the long-term effects of those strategies.) And the Supreme Court has unanimously ruled that any traffic violation is legitimate grounds to make a stop. Read more.