Enrique Desmond Arias is the Marxe Chair in Western Hemisphere Affairs. He holds a B.A. from Johns Hopkins, and a M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin. His research focuses on security and politics in Latin America and the Caribbean. He is the author of Criminal Enterprises and Governance in Latin America and the Caribbean (Cambridge University Press) Drugs and Democracy in Rio de Janeiro: Trafficking, Social Networks, and Public Security (University of North Carolina Press) and is co-editor of Violent Democracies in Latin America published (Duke University Press).